3 The United Nations has recently verified more than 260 000 cases of grave violations against children in more than 30 conflict situations across the globe over the past 16 years. 2 Many young people cease to be treated as children during conflict, with hundreds of thousands of children worldwide occupying combat roles as soldiers or mine sweepers, exploited for sex trafficking, and becoming human shields. Children are disproportionately injured and killed by unexploded ordnance, often during routine childhood activities of play, exploration or chores. 1 The size, physiology and limited mobility of children leave them more vulnerable than adults to severe and fatal injuries from arms fire, toxins and explosive devices that are the most common causes of paediatric casualties in recent wars.
Although armed conflicts originate in the adult world, their effects often are most harmful to the lives of children in 21st century wars.
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